The Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) and the IHI Lucian Leape Institute (LLI) share our deepest sympathies with the family of Charlene Murphey for their tragic loss. While we are relieved that Ms. RaDonda Vaught did not receive a prison sentence, we remain disappointed and deeply concerned about the criminalization of error in medicine, which offers no remedy for improving patient safety. In fact, Ms. Vaught’s arrest and conviction makes patients less safe.