Common pitfalls underlying cause-and-effect relationships

In the realm of medicine, cause-and-effect relationships are those where a specific cause, such as a disease, condition, or treatment, directly leads to a specific outcome or effect. An example of this is the established fact that smoking causes lung cancer. Similarly, it is well-documented that regular, heavy alcohol consumption directly leads to liver cirrhosis.

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Common pitfalls underlying cause-and-effect relationships originally appeared in KevinMD.com.

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